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DOB violation classes, and the class that isn't there

People search for "DOB violation class 1" expecting a severity grade. The Department of Buildings' own violation file does not have one. A DOB violation carries a type code saying what the violation is about, and a category saying where it stands. The numbered classes belong to ECB summonses, which are a different record.

The type code: what it is about

The commonest types in the city's file, with their live counts:

TypeSubjectRecords
EElevator713,299
LL6291Local Law 62/91 — boilers598,814
LBLVIOLow pressure boiler319,929
CConstruction203,396
AEUHAZ1Failure to certify a Class 1 condition159,423
LL1081Local Law 10/81 — elevator81,231

Two things stand out. Elevators and boilers dominate — they are inspected on a cycle, so they generate volume that has nothing to do with how troubled a building is. And AEUHAZ1 is the seam between the two systems: it is a DOB violation for failing to certify that an ECB Class 1 condition was corrected.

The category: where it stands

The category field folds the status into the record rather than keeping it separate:

CategoryRecords
V*-DOB VIOLATION - DISMISSED1,166,179
V*-DOB VIOLATION - Resolved673,516
V-DOB VIOLATION - ACTIVE555,481
VW*-VIOLATION - WORK W/O PERMIT DISMISSED23,487
VP*-VIOLATION UNSERVED ECB - DISMISSED20,517
VW-VIOLATION WORK WITHOUT PERMIT - ACTIVE12,996

The asterisk is the tell: a starred prefix means the matter is closed. More than 1.1 million records — the largest single group — are dismissed. Any count of "violations at this address" that does not separate active from closed is telling you very little, which is why this site counts open ones separately.

A real record

FieldValue
numberVW19 08CSTF03
bin1085463
violation_type_codeC
violation_typeC-CONSTRUCTION
violation_categoryVW-VIOLATION WORK WITHOUT PERMIT - ACTIVE
house_number / street117 EAST 18 STREET

One more trap for anyone reading the raw data: the issue date on legacy rows is not a normal date. It arrives in forms like Y30819 and T90517, a compressed encoding rather than a year-month-day. Sorting those as text does not put them in chronological order, which is a real hazard when a page claims to show the "most recent" filing.

So where are Class 1, 2 and 3?

On ECB summonses, graded by severity: Class 1 immediately hazardous, Class 2 major, Class 3 lesser. If you are looking for how serious a cited condition was, that is the record to read — see what an ECB violation is. If you are looking at apartment conditions instead, HPD uses letters and a different scale again: HPD violation classes.

Sources: NYC Department of Buildings — DOB Violations (3h2n-5cm9). Counts are live totals on the date queried. General information about public records, not legal advice.

Questions people ask

What are the DOB violation classes?

DOB violations are not graded on a numbered scale. Each carries a type code saying what it concerns - E for elevator, C for construction, LL6291 for boilers - and a category recording whether it is active, resolved or dismissed.

What is a Class 1 DOB violation?

The numbered classes belong to ECB summonses rather than DOB violations. Class 1 there means immediately hazardous. The related DOB record is AEUHAZ1, issued for failing to certify that a Class 1 condition was corrected.

What does the asterisk in V*-DOB VIOLATION mean?

A starred category prefix marks a closed matter - dismissed or resolved. Over 1.1 million records in the city's file are in the dismissed group, the largest of any category.

Does a DOB violation mean my building is dangerous?

Not on its own. Elevator and boiler inspections run on a cycle and produce the largest share of records regardless of a building's condition, and most records in the file are closed.

Why are DOB violation dates hard to read?

Legacy records store the issue date in a compressed form such as Y30819 rather than a standard date, so sorting them as text does not produce chronological order.

The rest of the glossary

Guides that use this

Every figure on this page is one this site reads for you — from these datasets, matched this way.

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