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How to File a Complaint About Your Landlord or Building in NYC (311, HPD & DOB)

To report a problem with your landlord or building in NYC, call 311, use the NYC311 app, or file online — and the complaint is routed to the right agency for you. Housing-condition problems (no heat, hot water, leaks, mold, pests) go to HPD; construction problems (illegal work, unsafe conditions) go to DOB. Filing is free, and you can do it anonymously.

Step 1: Who handles your issue (or let 311 route it)

HPD handles housing-maintenance conditions: no heat/hot water, leaks and mold, pests, peeling/lead paint, broken doors/windows/floors, lack of required services. DOB handles construction and structural safety: unpermitted or over-permit work, illegal apartment conversions (e.g. an illegal basement unit), unsafe structural/facade conditions, elevator and boiler safety. Rule of thumb: if it's about how you're living (heat, water, pests, upkeep) it's usually HPD; if it's about building or construction work it's usually DOB. If you suspect illegal construction, see what a stop work order is.

Step 2: File the complaint

Have the exact address and apartment number, a clear description, and how long it's been happening.

How to report no heat or hot water

Heat season runs October 1–May 31. During it your landlord must keep your apartment at least 68°F from 6am–10pm when it's below 55°F outside, and at least 62°F from 10pm–6am. Hot water must be at least 120°F year-round. Report shortfalls to HPD via 311; keep your own log of dates, times, and indoor temperatures.

Anonymous — and public?

You can file anonymously and the city won't disclose your identity to the owner. Caveat: to inspect a condition inside your own apartment, HPD generally needs to reach you to arrange access, so full anonymity is easier for building-wide conditions. The complaint and any resulting violation become public records (your name isn't attached publicly) — which is how renters research a building before signing.

Step 3: What happens after you file

Inspection (often a few days to about two weeks; heat and unsafe-condition complaints move faster). If confirmed, the city issues a violation — HPD ranks them Class A (non-hazardous), B (hazardous), C (immediately hazardous; heat and hot water are Class C) — which the owner must correct in set timeframes. If ignored, enforcement escalates (emergency repairs billed to the owner, or housing court). Track status with your SR number at nyc.gov/311.

Check the building's record

Check a Building pulls an address's HPD and DOB complaints, violations, and related public records together for free — useful whether you're deciding to file, tracking an outcome, or sizing up a place before you move in. Building research and tenant education, not a background check. See also how to look up your NYC landlord and am I rent stabilized?

Free tool for public NYC building records — tenant education, not tenant screening. Sources: NYC HPD — Heat and Hot Water Information; NYC HPD — Report a Maintenance Issue; JustFix — Guide to Calling 311.

Questions people ask

How do I report no heat or hot water in NYC?

Call 311, use the NYC311 app, or file online at nyc.gov/hpd. Heat and hot water complaints go to HPD. During heat season (Oct 1–May 31) your landlord must keep it at least 68°F indoors when it's below 55°F outside from 6am–10pm, and at least 62°F overnight. Hot water must be at least 120°F year-round.

Are 311 complaints anonymous?

You can file anonymously and your identity is not disclosed to the owner. But to inspect a condition inside your own apartment, HPD usually needs contact info to arrange access. The complaint and any resulting violation become public records.

Should I call HPD or DOB?

HPD handles housing-maintenance conditions like heat, hot water, leaks, mold, pests, and peeling paint. DOB handles construction issues like illegal work, illegal conversions, and unsafe structural conditions. If unsure, call 311 and describe the problem — they'll route it.

What happens after I file a complaint?

The agency schedules an inspection, often within a few days to two weeks. If confirmed, the city issues a violation the owner must fix. Violations and complaints are searchable public records.

More guides

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